PMFBY kya hai? PMFBY yaani Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, Bharat Sarkar ki fasal bima yojana hai jo kisanon ko prakritik aapdaon se fasal kharab hone par aarthik suraksha deti hai. Ise 18 February 2016 ko Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare ne shuru kiya tha. Iski sabse badi khaasiyat hai bahut kam premium: kharif fasalon par sum insured ka sirf 2%, rabi fasalon par 1.5% aur commercial/horticultural fasalon par 5% — baaki ka premium sarkar subsidy ke roop me deti hai. Is guide me jaaniye kaun apply kar sakta hai, kaun se nuksaan cover hote hain, documents aur claim ka process.
PMFBY Kya Hai? — Basic Samajh
Kheti mausam ka jua hai — ek ola-vrishti ya sukha poore season ki aamdani mita sakta hai. PMFBY isi jokhim se bachane ke liye bani hai. Ye “One Nation – One Scheme” ke siddhant par kaam karti hai aur desh bhar me empanelled insurance companies (jaise Agriculture Insurance Company of India sahit kai public/private companies) ke through laagu hoti hai. 2020 me PMFBY 2.0 ke baad ye yojana sabhi kisanon ke liye voluntary hai — pehle karz lene wale kisanon ke liye anivaarya thi.
Kisan ko sum insured ka ye hissa premium ke roop me dena hota hai, baaki sarkar deti hai:
- Kharif fasal (dhaan, makka, jowar, bajra aadi): sum insured ka 2%
- Rabi fasal (gehu, sarson, chana aadi): sum insured ka 1.5%
- Annual commercial / horticultural fasal (kapas, ganna, kele, aam aadi): sum insured ka 5%
Baaki ka premium Kendra aur Rajya Sarkar milkar subsidy ke roop me deti hain (aam taur par 50:50; poorvottar rajyon me 90:10). Subsidy ki koi upper limit nahi hai. Official premium calculator pmfby.gov.in par uplabdh hai.
Kaun Apply Kar Sakta Hai? — Eligibility
- Notified area me notified fasal ugane wale sabhi kisan — zameen ke malik, kirayedar (tenant) aur bataidar (sharecropper) sabhi eligible hain.
- Karz lene wale (loanee) aur bina karz wale (non-loanee) — dono apply kar sakte hain.
- Yojana unhi rajyon/UTs me laagu hai jo PMFBY me shaamil hain, aur fasal bhi us season me notified honi chahiye — apne zila krishi adhikari ya bank se confirm kar lein.
Kaun Se Nuksaan Cover Hote Hain?
PMFBY buwai se lekar katni ke baad tak ke kai jokhim cover karti hai:
- Buwai/ropai na ho pana (prevented sowing) — mausam ke kaaran.
- Mid-season calamities: sukha, baadh, atyadhik barish, keet-patangon aur bimariyon se nuksaan.
- Localised calamities: ole-vrishti (hailstorm), bhuskhalan (landslide) jaise sthaniya jokhim.
- Post-harvest losses: katni ke baad khet me sukhaai ke liye rakhi fasal par 14 din tak ka cover (chakrawat/fasal-chakra jokhimon par).
Cover nahi hota: yuddh, nuclear jokhim, jaan-boojhkar kiya gaya nuksaan aur rokne yogya kaaranon se hui haani.
Apply Kaise Karein? — Practical Steps
- Step 1: Season ki cut-off date se pehle apply karein (kharif aur rabi ki alag-alag antim tithi hoti hai — bank/CSC se confirm karein).
- Step 2: In teen me se kisi ek jagah apply karein — apne bank ki branch, nazdeeki Common Service Centre (CSC), ya National Crop Insurance Portal (pmfby.gov.in) par online.
- Step 3: Ye documents taiyaar rakhein — Aadhaar card, bank passbook (IFSC sahit), zameen ke kagaz (khasra/khatauni), buwai praman patra (patwari/sarpanch se), aur kirayedar hain to tenancy agreement.
- Step 4: Premium bhugtaan ke baad raseed/policy acknowledgement zaroor lein aur sambhalkar rakhein.
Claim Kaise Milta Hai?
Fasal kharab hone par 72 ghante ke andar bank, CSC, insurance company ya pmfby.gov.in / helpline 14447 par suchna dein. Nuksaan ka aakalan satellite imagery, drone survey aur field inspection se hota hai, aur claim rashi seedha kisan ke bank account me aati hai. Yojana ka lakshya hai ki katni ke 2 mahine ke andar claim process ho jaye.
Zaroori Savdhaaniyan
- Apply karne se pehle confirm karein ki aapki fasal aur area notified hai — bina notification ke claim nahi milega.
- Cut-off date nikalne ke baad us season ka enrollment band ho jaata hai.
- Premium ki raseed aur application number sambhalkar rakhein — claim me kaam aayega.
- Kisan Credit Card se judi jaankari ke liye hamara kisan credit card wala guide padhein, aur parivaar ki suraksha ke liye PM Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana bhi dekhein.
Adhik jaankari aur online enrollment ke liye official portal dekhein: pmfby.gov.in | Helpline: 14447
Yeh sirf jaankari hai, financial advice nahi hai.